Abianeh

On the Kashan-Natanz road, near the Hengjan Bridge, a secondary road branches off to the west and after a short distance, it reaches a lush valley with serenity. After passing through the villages of Yarneh, Kamjan, Barz, and Tarreh, it enters the village of Abianeh. It can be said that this historical village is located in the northwest corner of Mount Karkas in Natanz and at the end of Barzroud, and its distance to Hengjan is 22 kilometers. The highest southern peak overlooking the village is 3300 meters. In the local dialect of the village, it is called Viane, and the locals refer to themselves as Viane’i and say that Viane is the same as the willow tree, and the word Viane comes from Bidaneh, Bidestaneh, and Bidzar. The houses of the village are situated on the steep northern slope of the valley and are built on a bed of sedimentary rocks. The construction of the houses is made of local red soil, with a local architectural pattern and style, and are built on a limited level, in a staircase manner, and overlooking each other. The northern wall of the village forms a beautiful mountain, on top of which lies an ancient fortress. Abianeh is a village nestled in the foothills of Mount Karkas, with the construction of the houses in reddish tones, intricate decorations on the buildings and windows, and wooden artistry, alongside the determined faces of the people, local women’s special clothing, and unique dialect, along with villages such as Masuleh, Kandovan, and Meymand, form the four historical and beautiful villages of Iran. There is not much information available about the construction of the earliest village, but the village has passed through successive centuries in a tranquil spot away from the main highway. The traces of the peace era can be seen in the construction of the houses. The houses have always been built with local materials, and the foundation and walls, as far as winter snow did not damage them, are made of stone and clay mortar, with the rest made of bricks. In addition to the red soil, wood was also extensively used in the village. Overall, the architectural fabric of the village is divided into three periods: Seljuk, Safavid, and Qajar. Among the Seljuk-era artifacts is the Jameh Mosque, which dates back to 477 AH and is built with a special style and the use of woodworking art. During the Safavid era, when the kings of this dynasty went to Natanz for summering, some of the courtiers and nobles resided in Abianeh, which contributed to the prosperity of the region. During the Qajar era, a general census was conducted, which continued until the end of the Qajar period. The village of Abianeh was registered in 1354 Solar Hijri year, and restoration work was carried out on the complex as a whole.